swadgePass.h File Reference

Detailed Description

Design Philosophy

SwadgePass is a feature where Swadges can transmit and receive small packets of data while idle. This feature was inspired by Nintendo's StreetPass. SwadgePass data may include things like avatar data or high scores from all Swadge Modes.

SwadgePass uses ESP-NOW, not WiFi or Bluetooth. See hdw-esp-now.h.

Transmission and Reception

Packets are transmitted with sendSwadgePass(). To preserve battery life, this should only be called when the Swadge is idling in it's LED animation mode (dance.c). In this state, the Swadge will transmit every 7.5s, +/- 1.875s. Randomness ensures two Swadges don't get locked out-of-sync while transmitting and receiving. After transmitting, the Swadge stays awake and listening for 700ms. While not transmitting or listening, the Swadge light sleeps for 100ms increments, updating the LEDs ten times per second.

The receiver is initialized with initSwadgePassReceiver() and packets are received with receiveSwadgePass(). Any incoming packet may be passed to this function, including from modes which are using ESP-NOW for other purposes, as long as the receiver was initialized. deinitSwadgePassReceiver() frees memory allocated for the receiver.

During normal operation, if not explicitly used the WiFi radio is turned off and SwadgePass data is neither transmitted nor received.

Usage

Transmission and reception of SwadgePass data is automatic in dance.c and does not need to be managed by each SwadgeMode (see Transmission and Reception). Other modes may transmit and receive SwadgePass data, but it is discouraged for battery reasons.

Building a Packet for Transmission

A swadgePassPacket_t is built with the function fillSwadgePassPacket(), which calls each mode's swadgeMode_t.fnAddToSwadgePassPacket function. Each mode may add data to swadgePassPacket_t, and modes must not modify data which is not their own. The total packet size must be less than 250 bytes, which is the largest possible ESP-NOW packet.

Warning

swadgeMode_t.fnAddToSwadgePassPacket is called when the Swadge Mode is not initialized, so it must not rely on memory allocated or data loaded in swadgeMode_t.fnEnterMode

Using Received SwadgePass Data

Swadge Modes may check received SwadgePass data by giving an empty list_t to getSwadgePasses() to fill. getSwadgePasses() may fill the list with all received SwadgePass data, or only SwadgePass data which has not been used by the given mode yet. After being filled, the list contain pointers to swadgePassData_t and may be iterated through. swadgePassData_t.key is the string representation of the source MAC address. SwadgePass data will not change during Swadge Modes (aside from dance.c), so the data should be loaded once and saved for the mode's lifetime. getSwadgePasses() should not be called repeatedly.

If the Swadge Mode wants to use each SwadgePass data from a source only once, it can be checked with isPacketUsedByMode(). This may be useful for an RPG game where each received SwadgePass gets to make one action. Once the data is used, it can be marked as such with setPacketUsedByMode(). This will save the used state to non-volatile storage, which persists reboots.

Warning

setPacketUsedByMode() writes to NVS and we have seen freezes while writing to NVS many times in a row while the microphone and speaker peripherals are active. It is strongly advised to turn off those peripherals during NVS writes. Example:

// Switching to speaker disables the microphone
switchToSpeaker();
// This disables speaker too
dacStop();
 
// Process all SwadgePasses with setPacketUsedByMode()
 
// This re-enables the speakers
dacStart();

When the Swadge Mode is finished with the SwadgePass data, it must be freed with freeSwadgePasses().

SwadgePass Size Limitations

Warning

Read this section carefully! It caused some pretty visible bugs across the entire firmware release. Turns out all Swadge modes need RAM and most write to NVS too.

Version 3.1.0 was released with MAX_NUM_SWADGE_PASSES set to 100. This seemed like a good idea at the time, but in practice the Swadge could only store 80 to 90 SwadgePasses in NVS and would often crash while trying to load them to RAM. Version 3.1.1 added pruneSwadgePasses(), which is called on startup and erases SwadgePasses to the new limit of MAX_NUM_SWADGE_PASSES (50). This function does not need to be called manually.

It must also be noted that getSwadgePasses() is a memory-intensive function because it has to load all relevant NVS keys to RAM and then load the SwadgePass data to RAM as well. This function should be called early in a Swadge mode's lifecycle, ideally before other audio or visual assets are loaded or memory is otherwise allocated for menus, gameplay logic, or other reasons. After SwadgePass data is extracted, freeSwadgePasses() should be called to make space for loading assets, allocating gameplay RAM, etc.

Example

Building a Packet for Transmission Example

swadgeMode_t.fnAddToSwadgePassPacket would be set to this example function.

void myModeAddToSwadgePassPacket(struct swadgePassPacket* packet)
{
    // The field name should indicate which mode the data is for
    // This is an example, your high score probably shouldn't be hardcoded
    packet->myHighScore = 9001;
}

Using Received SwadgePass Data Example

// Get all SwadgePasses, including used ones
list_t spList = {0};
getSwadgePasses(&spList, &myMode, true);
 
// Iterate through the list
node_t* spNode = spList.first;
while (spNode)
{
    // Make a convenience pointer to the data in this node
    swadgePassData_t* spd = (swadgePassData_t*)spNode->val;
 
    // If the data hasn't been used yet
    if (!isPacketUsedByMode(spd, &myMode))
    {
        // Print some packet data
        ESP_LOGI("SP", "Receive from %s. Preamble is %d", spd->key, spd->data.packet.preamble);
 
        // Mark the packet as used
        setPacketUsedByMode(spd, &myMode, true);
    }
 
    // Iterate to the next data
    spNode = spNode->next;
}

Go to the source code of this file.

Data Structures
struct	swadgePassPacket
	A SwadgePass packet which is transmitted over ESP NOW. More...
struct	swadgePassNvs_t
	SwadgePass data that is saved to NVS. More...
struct	swadgePassData_t
	SwadgePass data that is received from another Swadge. More...
struct	swadgePassPacket.cosCrunch
struct	swadgePassPacket.swadgeIt
struct	swadgePassPacket.roboRunner
struct	swadgePassPacket.swadgesona
struct	swadgePassPacket.atrium
struct	swadgePassPacket.megaPulseEx

Macros
#define	MAX_NUM_SWADGE_PASSES   50

Typedefs
typedef struct swadgePassPacket	swadgePassPacket_t
	A SwadgePass packet which is transmitted over ESP NOW.

Functions
void	initSwadgePassReceiver (void)
	Initialize the SwadgePass receiver. This reads SwadgePass data from NVS to SPIRAM so that each reception doesn't require a bunch of NVS reads.
void	deinitSwadgePassReceiver (void)
	Deinitialize the SwadgePass receiver. This frees memory.
void	fillSwadgePassPacket (swadgePassPacket_t *packet)
	Fill a SwadgePass packet with data from all modes before transmission.
void	sendSwadgePass (swadgePassPacket_t *packet)
	Transmit a SwadgePass packet.
void	receiveSwadgePass (const esp_now_recv_info_t *esp_now_info, const uint8_t *data, uint8_t len, int8_t rssi)
	Receive an ESP NOW packet and save it if it is a SwadgePass packet.
void	getSwadgePasses (list_t *swadgePasses, const struct swadgeMode *mode, bool getUsed)
	Fill a list with SwadgePass data. The list should be empty before calling this function.
void	freeSwadgePasses (list_t *swadgePasses)
	Free SwadgePass data loaded with getSwadgePasses().
bool	isPacketUsedByMode (swadgePassData_t *data, const struct swadgeMode *mode)
	Return if a given mode has used this SwadgePass data yet.
void	setPacketUsedByMode (swadgePassData_t *data, const struct swadgeMode *mode, bool isUsed)
	Set if a given mode has used this SwadgePass data yet.
void	pruneSwadgePasses (void)
	Prune received SwadgePasses down to MAX_NUM_SWADGE_PASSES (50).

---

Data Structure Documentation

swadgePassNvs_t

struct swadgePassNvs_t

Data Fields
uint32_t	usedModeMask	A bitmask indicating if a mode has used this data.
swadgePassPacket_t	packet	The received SwadgePass packet.

swadgePassData_t

struct swadgePassData_t

Data Fields
char	key[NVS_KEY_NAME_MAX_SIZE]	A string representation of the other Swadge's MAC address.
swadgePassNvs_t	data	The SwadgePass data stored in this Swadge's NVS.

swadgePassPacket.cosCrunch

struct swadgePassPacket.cosCrunch

Data Fields
uint16_t	highScore

swadgePassPacket.swadgeIt

struct swadgePassPacket.swadgeIt

Data Fields
int8_t	reactHs
int8_t	memHs

swadgePassPacket.roboRunner

struct swadgePassPacket.roboRunner

Data Fields
uint16_t	highScore

swadgePassPacket.swadgesona

struct swadgePassPacket.swadgesona

Data Fields
swadgesonaCore_t	core

swadgePassPacket.atrium

struct swadgePassPacket.atrium

Data Fields
uint32_t	packedProfile
uint32_t	points

swadgePassPacket.megaPulseEx

struct swadgePassPacket.megaPulseEx

Data Fields
uint16_t	highScore

Macro Definition Documentation

MAX_NUM_SWADGE_PASSES

#define MAX_NUM_SWADGE_PASSES   50

Typedef Documentation

swadgePassPacket_t

typedef struct swadgePassPacket swadgePassPacket_t

A SwadgePass packet which is transmitted over ESP NOW.

Function Documentation

initSwadgePassReceiver()

void initSwadgePassReceiver

(

void

)

Initialize the SwadgePass receiver. This reads SwadgePass data from NVS to SPIRAM so that each reception doesn't require a bunch of NVS reads.

deinitSwadgePassReceiver()

void deinitSwadgePassReceiver

(

void

)

Deinitialize the SwadgePass receiver. This frees memory.

fillSwadgePassPacket()

void fillSwadgePassPacket

(

swadgePassPacket_t *

packet

)

Fill a SwadgePass packet with data from all modes before transmission.

Parameters

packet

The packet to fill

sendSwadgePass()

void sendSwadgePass ( swadgePassPacket_t * packet )

inline

Transmit a SwadgePass packet.

Parameters

packet

The packet to transmit

receiveSwadgePass()

void receiveSwadgePass	(	const esp_now_recv_info_t *	esp_now_info,
		const uint8_t *	data,
		uint8_t	len,
		int8_t	rssi )

Receive an ESP NOW packet and save it if it is a SwadgePass packet.

This limits the number of received SwadgePasses to MAX_NUM_SWADGE_PASSES. If a SwadgePass is received while at capacity, the most used SwadgePass will be deleted first, as determined by the most number of bits set in swadgePassNvs_t.usedModeMask.

If a SwadgePass is received from a Swadge for which there already is data, the old data will be overwritten if it's different and the swadgePassNvs_t.usedModeMask will always be cleared.

Parameters

esp_now_info	Metadata for the packet, including src and dst MAC addresses
data	The received data
len	The length of the received data
rssi	unused

getSwadgePasses()

void getSwadgePasses	(	list_t *	swadgePasses,
		const struct swadgeMode *	mode,
		bool	getUsed )

Fill a list with SwadgePass data. The list should be empty before calling this function.

Parameters

swadgePasses	A list to fill with type swadgePassData_t
mode	The Swadge Mode getting SwadgePass data (may be NULL)
getUsed	true to return all SwadgePass data, false to return only unused SwadgePass data

freeSwadgePasses()

void freeSwadgePasses

(

list_t *

swadgePasses

)

Free SwadgePass data loaded with getSwadgePasses().

Parameters

swadgePasses

A list of SwadgePasses to free. The list should contain swadgePassData_t

isPacketUsedByMode()

bool isPacketUsedByMode	(	swadgePassData_t *	data,
		const struct swadgeMode *	mode )

Return if a given mode has used this SwadgePass data yet.

Parameters

data	The SwadgePass data
mode	The mode using the SwadgePass data

Returns

true if this data has been used by the given mode yet, false if it has not

setPacketUsedByMode()

void setPacketUsedByMode	(	swadgePassData_t *	data,
		const struct swadgeMode *	mode,
		bool	isUsed )

Set if a given mode has used this SwadgePass data yet.

This will write changes to NVS. Note that if this is called many times in a row, like when processing a batch of SwadgePasses, the microphone and speaker should be disabled. We have seen freezes doing many NVS writes while those peripherals are active

Parameters

data	The SwadgePass data
mode	The mode using the SwadgePass data
isUsed	true if the data should be set as used, false if it should be set as unused

pruneSwadgePasses()

void pruneSwadgePasses

(

void

)

Prune received SwadgePasses down to MAX_NUM_SWADGE_PASSES (50).

The 3.1.0 release had a maximum of 100 SwadgePasses, but that was too many.

This function must be called once on startup to ensure memory doesn't run out.